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This listing includes selected academic detailing references and resources. It is not a comprehensive listing but provides a starting point for those interested in conducting research in this area. Click on the links to view relevant pdfs, abstracts, or websites.
The Independent Drug Information Service & Pennsylvania Department of Aging. Evaluation of the Independent Drug Information Service, the Pennsylvania Academic Detailing Program: acid-suppressing therapy module. July 2007. (Draft report – pdf).
The Prescription Project. Cost-Effectiveness of Prescriber Education (Academic Detailing) Programs. March 12, 2008.
http://prescriptionproject.org/assets/pdfs/AcademicDetailing_CostEffectiveness_3-12-2008.pdf
The Prescription Project. A Fact Sheet on Academic Detailing: Evidence-Based Prescribing Information. October 5, 2007.
http://www.prescriptionproject.org/tools/fact_sheets/files/0007.pdf
Prescription Policy Choices. A template for establishing and administering prescriber support and education programs: A collaborative, service-based approach for achieving maximum impact. (Currently in draft, available soon.)
http://www.policychoices.org/
National Legislative Association on Prescription Drug Prices (NLARx) http://www.reducedrugprices.org/default.asp
The Canadian Academic Detailing Collaboration. Show Me The Evidence: Best practices for using educational visits to promote evidence-based prescribing. July 2006.
http://www.rxfiles.ca/CADC.htm
National Prescribing Service. Evaluation Report No. 10. Dec 2007.
http://www.nps.org.au/resources/evaluation/report_10.pdf
Coopers & Lybrand Consultants. Drug and Therapeutics Information Service: Update of the economic evaluation of the NSAID project (report) 1996.
The Independent Drug Education Act (IDEA) of 2008 (introduced summer 2008, not yet enacted). Senate sponsors: … House sponsors:
Bill (pdf)
Summary (pdf)
Allen M, Ferrier S, O’Conner N, Fleming I. Family physicians’ perceptions of academic detailing: a quantitative and qualitative study. BMC Med Educ, 2007; 7:36.
PubMed link
Avorn J. Every clinician deserves an un-sales rep. MedGenMed, 2007; 9(1):13.
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Avorn J. Improving the Quality and Cost-Effectiveness of Prescribing. Pharmacoeconomics, 1992; 1(Suppl 1):45-8.
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Avorn JA, Soumerai SB. Improving drug-therapy decisions through educational outreach: a randomized controlled trial of academically based “detailing”, New Eng J Med, 1983; 308:1457-1463.
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Bloom BS. Effects of continuing medical education on improving physician clinical care and patient health: a review of systematic reviews. Int J Tech Assessment, 2005; 21(3):380-385.
PubMed link
Congressional Budget Office. Research on the comparative effectiveness of medical treatments. Dec 2007.
http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/88xx/doc8891/12-18-ComparativeEffectiveness.pdf
Daly MB, Balshem M, Sands C, James J, Workman S, Engstrom PF. Academic Detailing: A Model for in-office CME. J Cancer Educ, 1993; 8(4):273-80.
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Diwan VK, Wahlstrom R, Tomson G, Beermann B, Sterky G, Eriksson B. Effects of “group detailing” on the prescribing of lipid-lowering drugs: a randomized controlled trial in Swedish primary care. J Clin Epidemiol, 1995; 48(5):705-11.
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Franzini, L et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of a practice-based immunization education intervention. Ambulatory Pediatrics: The Official Journal of the Ambulatory Pediatric Association, 2007; 7(2):167-175.
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Freemantle N. et al. A randomized controlled trial of the effect of education outreach by community pharmacists on prescribing in UK general practice. Br J Gen Practice, 2002 (Apr):290-295.
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Fretheim A, Aaserud M, Oxman AD. Rational Prescribing in Primary Care (RaPP): Economic Evaluation of an Intervention to Improve Professional Practice.PLoS Medicine, 2006; Vol. 3, No. 6, e216 doi:10.1317/journal.mned.0030216.
PubMed link
Fretheim A, Aaserud M, Oxman AD. The potential savings of using thiazides as the first choice antihypertensive drug: cost minimization analysis. BMC Health Serv Res, 2003; 3(1):18.
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Gandjour A, Lauterbach KW. How much does it cost to change the behavior of health professionals? A mathematical model and an application to academic detailing. Medical Decision Making: An International Journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making 2005; 25(3):341-347.
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Haas J et al. Potential Savings from Substituting Generic Drugs for Brand-Name Drugs: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 1997-2000. Ann Intern Med, 2005; 142:891-897.
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Hill CD, Bunn DN, & Hawkins JR. Stretching the managed care dollar in the new millenium: The practice of detailing primary care physicians. Managed Care Quarterly, 2002; 10(2):18-23.
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Hulscher ME, van Drenth BB, van der Wouden JC, Mokkink HG, van Weel C, Grol RP. Changing preventive practice: a controlled trial on the effects of outreach visits to organise prevention of cardiovascular disease. Qual Health Care, 1997; 6(1):19-24.
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Lewis JS. Expanding Pharmacy Drug Information Efforts to Counter Pharmaceutical Marketing. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 1992; 49(10):705-11.
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Maclure M. et al. Measuring prescribing improvements in pragmatic trials of educational tools for general practitioners. Basic and Clinical Pharmacol and Tox, 2006; 98:243-252.
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Markey P, Schattner P. Promoting evidence-based medicine in general practice-the impact of academic detailing. Fam Pract, 2001; 18(4):364-6.
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Mason J et al. When is it cost-effective to change the behavior of health professionals?JAMA, 2001; 286(23):2988-2992.
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May FW et al. Outcomes of an educational outreach service for community medical practitioners.MJA, 1999; 170:471-474.
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McKinney WP, Schiedermayer DL, Lurie N, Simpson DE, Goodman JL, Rich EC. Attitudes of Internal Medicine Faculty and Residents toward Professional Interaction with Pharmaceutical Sales Representatives.JAMA, 1990; 264(13):1693-7.
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O'Brien MA et al. Educational outreach visits: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2007; Issue 4. Art. No.: CD000409. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000409.pub2.
PubMed link
Ofman JJ, Segal R, Russell WL, Cook, DJ, Sandhu M, Maue, SK, et al. A randomized trial of an acid-peptic disease management program in a managed care environment. The American Journal of Managed Care, 2003; 9(6):425-433.
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Polinski JM, Brookhart MA, Knatz JN, Arnold M, Kristeller J, Trombetta D, Tadduni ME, Golomb MJ, Solomon DH. Educational outreach (academic detailing) regarding osteoporosis in primary care. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 2005; 14(12):843-50.
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Schwartz RK, Soumerai SB, Avorn J. Physician Motivations for Nonscientific Drug Prescribing. Soc Sci Med, 1989; 28(6):577-82.
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Siegel D, Lopez J, Meier J, Goldsten MK, Lee S, Brazill BJ, Matalka MS. Academic detailing to improve antihypertensive prescribing patterns. Am J Hypertens, 2003; 16(6):508-11.
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Silversides A. “Academic detailing” Improving prescribing practices in north Vancouver, conference told. CMAJ, 1997; 156(6):876-8.
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Simon SR, Rodriguez HP, Majumdar, SR, et al. Economic analysis of a randomized trial of academic detailing interventions to improve use of antihypertensive medications. Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2007; 9(1):15-20.
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Simon SR, Majumdar SR, Prosser LA, Salem-Schatz S, Warner C, Kleinman K, Miroshnik I, Soumerai SB. Group versus individual academic detailing to improve the use of antihypertensive medications in primary care: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Am J Med, 2005; 118(5):521-8.
PubMed link
Solomon DH, Katz JN, Finkelstein JS, Polinski JM, Stedman M, Brookhart MA, Arnold M, Gauthier S, Avorn J. Osteoporosis improvement: a large-scale randomized controlled trial of patient and primary care physician education. J Bone Miner Res, 2007; 22(11):1808-15.
PubMed link
Solomon DH, Van Houten L, Glynn RJ, Baden L, Curtis K, Schrager H, Avorn J. Academic detailing to improve use of broad-spectrum antibiotics at an academic medical center. Arch Intern Med, 2001; 161(15):1897-902.
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Soumerai SB. Principles and uses of academic detailing to improve the management of psychiatric disorders. Int J Psychiatry Med, 1998; 28(1):81-96.
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Soumerai SB, Avorn J. Predictors of Physician Prescribing Change in an Educational Experiment to Improve Medication Use. Med Care, 1987; 25(3):210-21.
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Soumerai, S.B., & Avorn, J. Economic and policy analysis of university-based drug “detailing”. Med Care, 1986; 24(4): 313-31.
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Tomson Y, Hasselstrom J, Tomson G, Aberg H. Asthma education for Swedish primary care physicians--a study on the effects of “academic detailing” on practice and patient knowledge. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 1997; 53(3-4):191-6.
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van der Elst ME, Bouvy ML, de Blaey CJ, de Boer A. Improving pharmacotherapy after myocardial infarction by group academic detailing using feedback data on a patient level. Pharmacotherapy, 2006; 26(2):254-9.
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Watson DS, Burrows SD, Joyce DA, Ilett KF. Mixed outcomes of academic pharmaceutical detailing in rural general practice. Med J Aust, 1997; 167(4):232.
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Witt K, Knudsen E, Ditlevsen S, Hollnagel H. Academic detailing has no effect on prescribing of asthma medication in Danish general practice: a 3-year randomized controlled trial with 12-monthly follow-ups. Fam Pract, 2004; 21(3):248-53.
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